it German composer Ludwig van Beethoven’s famous 1798 piano sonata.
iu Retired, obsolete.
iv Person who meddles and ruins others’ plans.
iw Sad, moving.
ix Drab gray.
iy Port city on the Mediterranean in southeastern France.
iz Public Garden (French).
ja The bridge traverses the Paillon (Paglione) stream.
jb What are you thinking? (French).
jc Tarlatan and tulle are sheer, stiff fabrics.
jd Delicate, transparent silk tulle.
je Having a stately beauty like Juno, queen of the Roman gods.
jf In this case, a large, elegant drawing room or hall.
jg Diana is the Roman moon goddess; her twin brother, Phoebus Apollo, is the god of sunlight and truth.
jh Dining room (French).
ji In Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet’s mother, Gertrude, wears mourning clothes for her dead husband, the king.
jj The same as above—in this case, girls.
jk Young ladies (French).
jl Cotillion: elaborate dance at formal balls, led by one main couple; tarantella: fast southern Italian folk dance.
jm Waiters (French).
jn The French words mean “woman painted by herself”; the reference to Honoré‘ de Balzac (1799-1850)—a prolific and influential French writer, widely regarded as one of the greatest novelists—is unclear.
jo Long live freedom (French).
jp That is, after she had gone quietly to sleep; byelow, meaning “hush,” is a term often heard in lullabies.
jq Germanic element of the English language; the Saxons invaded England in the fifth century.
jr Monaco is a small principality on the Mediterranean coast, near the border of France and Italy; Valrosa is a fictional mansion near Nice, taken from Alcott’s own posthumously published sensational novel A Long Fatal Love Chase, written in 1866.
js That is, capeline; a light woolen hood.
jt Section of the western Alps extending to the Mediterranean Sea.
ju Sweet idleness (Italian).
jv Title of a story from The Parent’s Assistant (1796), a collection of children’s stories by Maria Edgeworth.
jw Reference to the third-century Roman martyr Saint Lawrence, who was roasted to death on a gridiron.
jx Xavier Jouvin was a nineteenth-century French glove-maker who devised a method for standardizing glove sizing.
jy Signet rings.
jz My brother (French).
ka Goodbye, miss (French).
kb Cloth needle case.
kc Illegible, scrawled writing.
kd In The Pilgrim’s Progress (see endnote 1), the inhabitants of Beulah, a land adjacent to Heaven.
ke Shore.
kf Insincere, deceptive person.
kg Weeds that grow in grain fields.
kh Austrian composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) fell in love with the young soprano Aloysia Weber and proposed to her (despite his father’s disapproval) but was rejected; four years later, in 1782, he married her younger sister Constanze.
ki In the Catholic Church, a long mass marked by singing.
kj Matches (French).
kk Port city in Italy, located between the Apennine Mountains and the Ligurian Sea.
kl In a small hotel (French).
km Gathering nuts, usually by shaking or beating them out of the tree.
kn Weight for the kite.